Truth The Only Truth Existing [This Is My Second And Last Of Phi Essay Example For Students

Truth The Only Truth Existing [This Is My Second And Last Of Phi Essay losophy 201]-RJ The Only Truth Existing We are, then, faced with a quite simple alternative: Either we deny that there is here anything that can be called truth a choice that would make us deny what we experience most profoundly as our own being; or we must look beyond the realm of our natural experience for a validation of our certainty. A famous philosopher, Rene Descartes, once stated, I am, I exist. This statement holds the only truth found for certain in our natural experience that, as conscious beings, we exist. Whether we are our own creators, a creation, or the object of evolution, just as long as we believe that we think, we are proved to exist. Thinking about our thoughts is an automatic validation of our self-consciousness. Descartes claims, But certainly I should exist, if I were to persuade my self of something. And so, I should conclude that our existence is a truth, and may be the only truth, that we should find its certainty. From the natural experiences of our being, we hold beliefs that we find are our personal truths. From these experiences, we have learned to understand life with reason and logic; we have established our idea of reality; and we believe that true perceptions are what we sense and see. But it is our sense of reason and logic, our idea of reality, and our perceptions, that may likely to be very wrong. Subjectiveness, or personal belief, is almost always, liable for self-contradiction. Besides the established truth that we exist, there are no other truths that are certain, for the fact that subjective truth may be easily refuted.Every person possesses his or her own truth that may be contradicting to another persons belief. A truth, or one that is true for all, cannot by achieved because of the constant motion of circumstances of who said it, to whom, when, where, why, and how it was said.What one person may believe a dog is a mans best friend, another may believe that a dogs is a mans worse enemy. What one may believe is a pencil, to another is not a pencil, but a hair pin. Where one may believe that a bottle is an instrument, one may believe is a toy, where another may believe is a beverage container. Where one will understand the moving vehicle car, one might understand car as a tree. Our perception of what is true depends on our own experiences, and how something becomes true for us. Many circumstances are necessary to derive at ones truth, whether it is an idea, object, or language. All perception, besides the perception of existence, is uncertain of being true for all individuals. Every thought, besides the idea that we think, has the possibility that it may be proven wrong. The author of the article, Knowledge Regained, Norman Malcolm, states that, any empirical proposition whatever could be refuted by future experience that is, it could turn out to be false. An example could be the early idea of the earth being flat and not the current perception of the earth being round. History tells us that at one time, the perception of the earth was thought to be flat. This notion was an established truth to many because of the sight and sense that people perceived about the earths crust. At one point, to accept the newer truth that the earth is round, meant that, what one believed was true, really wasnt. And, what if, at some point in the future, we were told by a better educated group of observers that the earth is not round, but a new shape weve never even perceived before? Would we agree to the scientists observation that they have, themselves, agreed to this more accurate shape of the earth?. We would probably agree to change our knowledge of truth to the observations of experts. This is an example that, what we may have once believed to be the absolute truth, may be proven wrong at any time. And what we actually know, may not be the truth after all. .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 , .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 .postImageUrl , .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 , .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321:hover , .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321:visited , .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321:active { border:0!important; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321:active , .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321 .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud221cc6bbff8784fa3ecadd291f37321:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cultural revolution Essay Truth may also be refuted through the identified appearance or sense of an object. A great modern philosopher, Bertrand Russells, idea of appearance and reality explains that perception of a table and its distribution of colors, shape, and sense, vary with each point of view. Commenting on the distribution of color, Russell states that, It follows that if several people are looking at the table at the same moment, no two of them will see exactly the same distribution of colours, because no two can see it from exactly the same point of view, and any change in the point of view makes some change in the way the light is reflected.What one person sees the table as green, one might see as red at another viewpoint. And what might seem to have color is actually colorless in the dark. What one might perceive as being rectangle, may look oval in another view. What may sense the table to be hard by a touch of the fingertips, may be soft by the touch of the cheek. Determining hardness of the table depends on pressure applied and judge of the sensation. No assumptions can be absolutely true because there is no determining factor in choosing the right angle to look at or sense the table. There are no determining factors in which angle or measurement is better to judge than the other in sense of color, shape, and feel of an object. Every object is determined self-contradicting which can be refuted by questioning its perception and even the existence for its use. Our experiences from our natural existence gives us a bias of all that is true, which is self-contradicting. The ideas and objects that we encounter are determined true by personal evaluation in the relationships of those ideas and objects in connection with our being. The relationship of the ideas and objects in connection with another persons life may be contradicting to my own beliefs. I am, I exist, may be the only statement with any validity of our certainty.We cannot test the validity of our reality, reason, logic, and perception in relation to all individuals, but we can test to the validity of our existence by thinking, therefore, being. Put your paper here.

The European Renaissance Analysis Essay Example For Students

The European Renaissance Analysis Essay The European RenaissanceThe Renaissance was a period of European history, considered by modern scholars as that between 1300 and 1600. Many dramatic changes happened during the Renaissance. The Renaissance was a period of new inventions and beliefs. The Renaissance was drastically different from the Middle Ages. During the Middle Ages the church held most of the power and its economy was agriculturally based. Exploration and learning was almost put to a stop. During the Renaissance society was transformed into a society increasingly dominated by central political institutions with an urban commercial attitude. Also, peoples curiosity overcame their fear and many people started to venture out and explore. New schools and colleges became more and more common. The Renaissance was started by many rich Italian cities, such as Florence, Ferrara, Milan ,and Venice. We will write a custom essay on The European Renaissance Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Because these cities were very wealthy, many merchants started to spend money on different things, such as painting, learning, new banking techniques, and new systems of government. These things gave rise to a new type of scholar, the humanist. Humanism was subjects concerned with humankind and culture. They studied various things such as Latin, Greek language, literature and philosophy. Music and mathematics were also studied as well. The Renaissance gave way to new forms of painting , art and sculpture. During the Renaissance, artist were no longer regarded as mere artisans, as they had been to the medieval past, but for the first time emerged as independent personalities, compared to poets and writers. Many artisans merged mathematics with art , in order to become more precise in their measurements and to make sure an object was supported both rationally and proportionally. As a result painters tried and often succeeded into making their painting a window into the world. Artists also studied the way light hits objects and the way our eyes perceive light. A new kind of paint called oil paint was used. This allowed the artist to create texture , mix colors, and allow more time for corrections before it dried. The printing press was probably the most important advance in technology.Europeans first used movable metal type to print a book. On small pieces of metal they engraved single letters of the alphabet. These could then be arranged and rearranged to form words and sentences. Johan Gutenberg is usually given credit for the first book printed, a copy of the Bible. By the 1500s printing presses where fairly well spread. The printing press had many effects on the world. First of all, it made books much easier to come by, which made them cheaper. That meant common people could afford them. As a result literacy became more widespread, in contrast to the Middle Ages where usually monks and church officials were the only able to read. Second, since many more people were able to read, they wanted to read subjects other than religious or scientific work. So books on other subjects were published as well. Also many books were published in languages other than Latin, such as English, Portuguese, Spanish, French, and Italian. A third effect was that scholars had better access to one anothers work. They could also read the great works of the ancient and medieval periods. The Renaissance also had an effect on the general society. Many people became interested in politics. Also, people became interested in the world outside of their towns. Many became explorers, merchants, and map makers. Religion especially changed during the Renaissance. In the Middle ages people were primarily concerned with serving the church and getting to heaven. But the increase in arts and education gave people something to look forward to, and a life worth living.So in turn, people based their lives around various other things instead of the church. Because of the increase in literacy people learned that the Catholic Church only told the populous what they wanted them to hear. .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 , .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 .postImageUrl , .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 , .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8:hover , .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8:visited , .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8:active { border:0!important; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8:active , .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8 .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2bdc60fd856b778d81940499bfe932c8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: THe Most Imporanf The Tsars Fall From Power. Essay This caused many people to break away from the church and form Protestant religions. The Renaissance produced many great minds. Leonardo da Vinci was one of these. Although he was not regarded as a genius in his time. He had numerous works of art such as the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. He also is now regarded as a great inventor. He is credited for coming up with the idea of the helicopter. He dissected corpses to learn more about human anatomy. Another great man was a German monk, Martin Luther. He taught Biblical studies at the University of Wittenberg. Luthers beliefs challenged the church although many people agreed with his ideas. He was eventually excommunicated from the church and he started Protestantism. In conclusion, the Renaissance was a time of new awakening in Europe. It include the general loss of power by the church, an increase in literacy and education, and an exploration period.History

Definition and Examples of Irony (Figure of Speech)

Definition and Examples of Irony (Figure of Speech) Irony is the use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. Similarly, irony may be a statement or situation where the meaning is contradicted by the appearance or presentation of the idea. Adjective: ironic or ironical. Also known as  eironeia, illusio, and the dry mock. Three kinds of irony are commonly recognized: Verbal irony is a trope in which the intended meaning of a statement differs from the meaning that the words appear to express.Situational irony involves an incongruity between what is expected or intended and what actually occurs.Dramatic irony is an effect produced by a narrative in which the audience knows more about the present or future circumstances than a character in the story. In light of these different varieties of irony, Jonathan Tittler has concluded that irony has meant and means so many different things to different people that rarely is there a meeting of minds as to its particular sense on a given occasion (quoted by Frank Stringfellow in The Meaning of Irony, 1994). Etymology From the Greek, feigned ignorance Examples and Observations EarthA planet doesnt explode of itself, said drilyThe Martian astronomer, gazing off into the air- That they were able to do it is proof that highlyIntelligent beings must have been living there.(John Hall Wheelock, Earth)Kampenfeldt: This is a grave matter, a very grave matter. It has just been reported to me that youve been expressing sentiments hostile to the Fatherland.Schwab: What, me sir?Kampenfeldt: I warn you, Schwab, such treasonable conduct will lead you to a concentration camp.Schwab: But sir, what did I say?Kampenfeldt: You were distinctly heard to remark, This is a fine country to live in.Schwab: Oh, no, sir. Theres some mistake. No, what I said was, This is a fine country to live in.Kampenfeldt: Huh? You sure?Schwab: Yes sir.Kampenfeldt: I see. Well, in future dont make remarks that can be taken two ways.(Raymond Huntley and Eliot Makeham in Night Train to Munich, 1940)Gentlemen, you cant fight in here! This is the War Room.(Peter Sellers as President Merkin Muffley in Dr. Strangelove, 1964) It is a fitting irony that under Richard Nixon, launder became a dirty word.(William Zinsser)Irony in Mark Twains Novel Puddnhead WilsonDavid Wilson, the title character of Puddnhead Wilson, is a master of irony. In fact, his use of irony permanently marks him. When he first arrives in Dawsons Landing in 1830, he makes an ironic remark that the villagers cannot understand. Distracted by the annoying yelping of an unseen dog, he says, I wished I owned half of that dog. When asked why, he replies, Because I would kill my half. He does not really want to own half the dog, and he probably does not really want to kill it; he merely wants to silence it and knows killing half the dog would kill the whole animal and achieve the desired effect. His remark is a simple example of irony, and the failure of the villagers to understand it causes them immediately to brand Wilson a fool and nickname him puddnhead. The very title of the novel is, therefore, based on irony, and that irony is compounde d by the fact that Wilson is anything but a fool.(R. Kent Rasmussen, Blooms How to Write About Mark Twain. Infobase, 2008) Irony in Shakespeares Play Julius CaesarA classic example of irony is Mark Antonys speech in Shakespeares Julius Caesar. Although Antony declares, I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him, and declares that the assassins are honorable men, he means just the opposite.(Bryan Garner, Garners Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press, 2009)Uses and Characteristics of IronyIrony may be used as a rhetorical device to enforce ones meaning. It may be used . . . as a satiric device to attack a point of view or to expose folly, hypocrisy, or vanity. It may be used as a heuristic device to lead ones readers to see that things are not so simple or certain as they seem, or perhaps not so complex or doubtful as they seem. It is probable that most irony is rhetorical, satirical, or heuristic. . . .In the first place irony is a double-layered or two-story phenomenon. . . . In the second place, there is always some kind of opposition that may take the form of contradiction, incongruity, or incom patibility. . . . In the third place, there is in irony an element of innocence.(D.C. Muecke, The Compass of Irony. Methuen, 1969) An Age of IronyIt is sometimes said that we live in an age of irony. Irony in this sense may be found, for example, all throughout The Daily Show with Jon Stewart. Suppose you hear a political candidate give a terribly long speech, one that rambles on and on without end. Afterward, you might turn to a friend sitting next to you, roll your eyes, and say, Well, that was short and to the point, wasnt it? You are being ironic. You are counting on your friend to turn the literal meaning of your expression, to read it as exactly the opposite of what your words actually mean. . . .When irony works, it helps to cement social bonds and mutual understanding because the speaker and hearer of irony both know to turn the utterance, and they know that the other one knows they will turn the utterance. . . .Irony is a kind of winking at each other, as we all understand the game of meaning reversal that is being played.(Barry Brummett, Techniques of Close Reading. Sage, 2010)Irony as Mass TherapyIron y has always been a primary tool the under-powered use to tear at the over-powered in our culture. But now irony has become the bait that media corporations use to appeal to educated consumers. . . . Its almost an ultimate irony that those who say they dont like TV will sit and watch TV as long as the hosts of their favorite shows act like they dont like TV, either. Somewhere in this swirl of droll poses and pseudo-insights, irony itself becomes a kind of mass therapy for a politically confused culture. It offers a comfortable space where complicity doesnt feel like complicity. It makes you feel like you are counter-cultural while never requiring you to leave the mainstream culture it has so much fun teasing. We are happy enough with this therapy that we feel no need to enact social change.(Dan French, review of The Daily Show, 2001) Alanis Morissettes IronicAlanis Morissettes Ironic, in which situations purporting to be ironic are merely sad, random, or annoying (a traffic jam when youre late, a no-smoking sign on your cigarette break) perpetuates widespread misuse of the word and outrages irony prescriptivists. It is, of course, ironic that Ironic is an unironic song about irony. Bonus irony: Ironic is widely cited as an example of how Americans dont get irony, despite the fact that Alanis Morissette is Canadian.(Jon Winokur, The Big Book of Irony. St. Martins, 2007)Direct expression, with no tricks, gimmickry, or irony, has come to be interpreted ironically because the default interpretive apparatus says, He cant really mean THAT! When a culture becomes ironic about itself en masse, simple statements of brutal fact, simple judgments of hate or dislike become humorous because they unveil the absurdity, friendliness, and caution of normal public expression. Its funny because its true. Honestly. Were all upside d own now.(R. Jay Magill, Jr., Chic Ironic Bitterness. University of Michigan Press, 2007) Alan Bennett on IronyWere conceived in irony. We float in it from the womb. Its the amniotic fluid. Its the silver sea. Its the waters at their priest-like task, washing away guilt and purpose and responsibility. Joking but not joking. Caring but not caring. Serious but not serious.(Hilary in The Old Country by Alan Bennett, 1977)Thomas Carlyle on IronyAn ironic man, with his sly stillness, and ambuscading ways, more especially an ironic young man, from whom it is least expected, may be viewed as a pest to society.(Thomas Carlyle, Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdrockh, 1833-34)Irony DeficiencyIrony deficiency  is an  informal term for the inability to recognize, comprehend, and/or utilize  ironythat is,  a tendency to interpret  figurative language  in a  literal  way.-  Mobsters are reputedly huge fans of  The Godfather. They don’t see it as a tale of individual moral corruption. They see it as a nostalgia trip to better days for the mob.(Jonah Goldberg, The Irony of Irony.  National Review, April 28, 1999)-  Irony deficiency  is directly proportional to the strength of the political commitment or religious fervor. True believers of all persuasions are irony deficient. . . .Brutal dictators are irony deficienttake Hitler, Stalin, Kim Jong-il, and Saddam Hussein, a world-class vulgarian whose art collection consisted of kitsch paintings displayed unironically.(Jon Winokur,  The Big Book of Irony. Macmillan, 2007)-  Here is something ironic: We live at a time when our diets are richer in irony than ever before in human history, yet millions of us suffer from that silent crippler,  irony deficiency  . . . not so much a deficiency in irony itself, but an inability to utilize the abundance of irony all around us.(Swami Beyondananda,  Duck Soup for the Soul. Hysteria, 1999)-  Will people who detect a lack of irony in other cultures never stop to consider that this may be a sign of their own  irony deficiency? Maybe its defensible when the apes detect a lack of irony in Charlton Heston in  Planet of the Apes, but not when, say, Brits detect it in, say, Americans as a race . . .. The point of irony, after all, is to say things behind peoples backs to their faces. If you look around the poker table and cant tell who the pigeon is, its you.(Roy Blount, Jr., How to Talk Southern.  The New York Times, Nov. 21, 2004) The Lighter Side of IronyRachel Berry: Mr. Schuester, do you have any idea how ridiculous it is to give the lead solo in Sit Down, Youre Rocking the Boat to a boy in a wheelchair?Artie Abrams: I think Mr. Schue is using irony to enhance the performance.Rachel Berry: Theres nothing ironic about show choir!(Pilot episode of Glee, 2009)​Woman: I started riding these trains in the forties. Those days a man would give up his seat for a woman. Now were liberated and we have to stand.Elaine: Its ironic.Woman: Whats ironic?Elaine: This, that weve come all this way, we have made all this progress, but you know weve lost the little things, the niceties.Woman: No, I mean what does ironic mean?Elaine: Oh.​(The Subway, Seinfeld, Jan. 8 1992)Im aware of the irony of appearing on TV in order to decry it.(Sideshow Bob, The Simpsons)Math was my worst subject because I could never persuade the teacher that my answers were meant ironically.(Calvin Trillin)Lyn Cassady: Its okay, you can at tack me.Bob Wilton: Whats with the quotation fingers? Its like saying Im only capable of ironic attacking or something.​(The Men Who Stare at Goats, 2009) Pronunciation: I-ruh-nee

Free Essays on Female Orgasm

Female Orgasm and the Question of Its Significance The orgasmic experience, shroud in an almost divine appreciation, is regarded as the peak of one’s potential for sensuous pleasure. Physiologically, orgasm is a series of rhythmic contractions of specific sexual â€Å"target organs† paralleling a release of built-up muscle tension and genital vasocongestion, swelling due to increased blood flow (Masters Matlin, 2000). Orgasm is generally perceived as the peak of sexual experience, and the significance of female orgasm has been an opposing position taken up by researchers. This idea springs from the fundamental observation that while male orgasm is essential for conception to take place, female orgasm is not, but it is being said that it can help. I hope to learn what factors, if any, female orgasm contributes to reproduction or if it’s merely just for pleasure. I will first explain the female orgasm and what takes place. Upon sexual arousal, a woman's heart beats faster and she starts breathing more quickly. Various muscles throughout her body tighten, breasts enlarge, and nipples tend to stand erect. The visible part of the clitoris also swells. Secretions begin inside and at the opening of the vagina. The labia flatten out and open up, and the vagina lengthens and widens internally. The vaginal changes are mostly due to an engorgement of blood in the pelvic area that provide a generally pleasurable warmth. As her arousal climbs, most of these changes become more pronounced. The area of principal orgasmic importance is the outer third of the vagina; what Masters and Johnson refer to as the â€Å"orgasmic platform† (p. 76). This target area is the focus of vasocongestion, increased blood flow that produces swelling of the labia and the release of moisture into the vagina, which first develops in the excitement phase. When a woman reaches orgasm this vasocongestion as well as the muscle tension that has been b... Free Essays on Female Orgasm Free Essays on Female Orgasm Female Orgasm and the Question of Its Significance The orgasmic experience, shroud in an almost divine appreciation, is regarded as the peak of one’s potential for sensuous pleasure. Physiologically, orgasm is a series of rhythmic contractions of specific sexual â€Å"target organs† paralleling a release of built-up muscle tension and genital vasocongestion, swelling due to increased blood flow (Masters Matlin, 2000). Orgasm is generally perceived as the peak of sexual experience, and the significance of female orgasm has been an opposing position taken up by researchers. This idea springs from the fundamental observation that while male orgasm is essential for conception to take place, female orgasm is not, but it is being said that it can help. I hope to learn what factors, if any, female orgasm contributes to reproduction or if it’s merely just for pleasure. I will first explain the female orgasm and what takes place. Upon sexual arousal, a woman's heart beats faster and she starts breathing more quickly. Various muscles throughout her body tighten, breasts enlarge, and nipples tend to stand erect. The visible part of the clitoris also swells. Secretions begin inside and at the opening of the vagina. The labia flatten out and open up, and the vagina lengthens and widens internally. The vaginal changes are mostly due to an engorgement of blood in the pelvic area that provide a generally pleasurable warmth. As her arousal climbs, most of these changes become more pronounced. The area of principal orgasmic importance is the outer third of the vagina; what Masters and Johnson refer to as the â€Å"orgasmic platform† (p. 76). This target area is the focus of vasocongestion, increased blood flow that produces swelling of the labia and the release of moisture into the vagina, which first develops in the excitement phase. When a woman reaches orgasm this vasocongestion as well as the muscle tension that has been b...

Refute Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Refute - Essay Example Even with the possibilities of encouraging the American citizens to take the lowly esteemed jobs, currently under the hands of the claimed illegal immigrants, by raising the minimum wage, legal Americans who are less endowed with skills will lose their jobs. Similarly, the author’s campaign for rising of minimum wages, to encourage the legal citizens of America to assume the job places they have shunned cannot be founded on facts, because there could be other reasons why Americans develop negative attitudes towards the said jobs. Moreover, putting minimum wage in place can decrease the productivity of American industries, and the competing foreign industries would have a better hand in the market, which will detriment the economy. At the same time, some small industries that may not be able to accommodate the set minimum wage would close down. By increasing the minimum wage, and not putting measures against the illegal immigration, can lead to advantaging the already settled immigrant by enhancing their pay. The illegal immigration is thus better dealt with by employing other avenues than raising the minimum wage. The building of walls as recommended by the president can reduce the illegal, immigrations as per se, by approaching the problem from its basis. Building walls does not have to imply to what the authors have made it (Dukaki & Mitchel, 2006). A better dimension of its application can be obtained objectively instead of disqualifying the whole package of the idea based on some unfounded hypothesis. After all, strictness is what the issue of illegal immigrations calls for. Finally, viewing the issue of illegal immigrations in the perspectives of wages alone can lose the meaning of the whole

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Management - Essay Example The basic idea that runs in our mind when we mention personal investment is about the risks and returns, but in reality we ask ourselves are this really the main concerns we ought to look at? In order to understand well this question I undertook a comprehensive look into the factors that affect personal investment in the UK., Personal investment To begin with, we need to understand what personal investment entails. Personal investing is one of the important components that one needs to understand while undertaking personal finance. Personal investment and personal finance are two terms that in many occasions are used interchangeably. However, it is worth noting that as much as one could use them to mean the same thing, in reality they have a slight difference. Personal finance is the broader term that describes the process of effective organization or management of assets that are in the possession of the family or an individual (Tatum, 2006). Therefore, the basic definition for pers onal investment will be a component of personal finance that involves taking investment activities such as undertaking a secure financial cushion that will cater for later years. One can also put it as, a long-term personal commitment that involves inherent risks and accrues regular income or leads to capital growth (Hargreaves Lansdown, 2009). The relationship between risk and return The key question in this symposium is whether personal investment only revolves around risks and returns. From my own opinion, I will agree with the question. The main reason we would be all want to carryout personal investment is for the returns, which determine how our future will turn out (My Wealth Guide, 2008). On the other hand, we cannot talk about returns and leave out risks because the two go hand in hand. Therefore, to be able to answer this question comprehensively we first need to understand what the relationship between risk and returns. This is because, for anyone who wishes to put his mo ney in an investment, the primary concept they need to understand is the relationship between the risks involved and the returns of the investment. It is worth noting that, in investment, the basic trick that an investor has to be aware of is that the more risk an investment has, the higher the chances of having a better return (TD Direct Investing Ltd., 2010). Therefore, before taking the risk one should have an idea of which risks as an individual one would be willing to take in order to generate more returns with the hope that the risk does not occur. This is why in order to formulate a good investment plan; you will need to asses each available risk that you are willing to undertake. There are many risks in the field of investment and when we look at each risk in detail can take a very long time. However, I have compiled a few of the major risks that tend to affect personal investment in the UK that are as following. We have the: Inflationary risk One think we can all agree on i s that the past few years have not been some of the best for UK and the world in terms of the economy. Moreover, this is where the inflationary risk comes in to play. The risk means that the value of an asset becomes lesser as inflation reduces the value of the country’s currency. Liquidity risk It refers to the risk that you as an investor may encounter when you have a need for liquid assets but are unable to sell or buy an investment because of the

Uncle Vanya Essay Example for Free

Uncle Vanya Essay In Uncle Vanya by Anton Chekhov each character involved in the making of this play is not satisfied or content with life. They feel their life is a waste and they are still wasting them. Uncle Vanya, the character base of this play envies his brother in law, the professor because he is able to attract the ladies in spite of having no penny in his pocket. Astrov, the doctor, is discontent because all his life he has worked hard without any rest and he has nothing to boast about with him today. He has grown old, he has nothing to give him company but his vodka. Sonya, daughter of the professor, is in love with the doctor and is unsure of his love. She is unhappy because deep down she knows he is not in love with her but she is a more practical soul then the others. Sonya is not exactly content but she has her way of solving problems in her life as well as others lives. Yelena, the professor’s second wife, though attracted to the professor initially was never in love with him. She stays in the marriage more due to her conscience then for love. She has affectionate feelings for Astrov who reciprocates them but there is no future for that. Maria Vasilevna Voinitskaya, uncle vanya’s mother, is frustrated and unhappy waiting for the long journey towards end of life. Reading some pamphlets and writing is the only way she keeps herself occupied. Professor Alexander Vladimirovich Serebryakov, is a man who has no penny with him and is forced to stay in the estate of his first wife. He is not happy doing that and wishes to sell of the estate to buy a villa which creates a havoc. Telegin’s wife left him for someone else because of his looks and now he has to take care of his wife and her family. Marina, the old nurse, though irritated with the changed schedule, is a pleasant change from the frustrated atmosphere. From all this we know that none of the characters are content or satisfied.